Abstract UNLABELLED In this meta-analysis of international cohorts, current smoking is confirmed as a significant BMD-independent predictor of future fracture with a stronger relationship in men than in women. A causative and reversible effect of smoking on fracture risk is suggested by past smoking having a significantly lower risk than current smoking. PURPOSE In this […]
A meta-analysis of smoking and fracture risk to update the FRAX® tool.
March 4, 2026
Osteoporos Int