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Best of 2025 Publications Digest
March 18, 2026
Did we cover your area of interest?
Nordic Bioscience digest of our Best of 2025 publications
Welcome to the Best of 2025 Publication Digest!
Once again, we invite you to take a look at the best publications of the past year. We have collected some of the best papers in a range of disease areas that underline our continuous efforts towards developing new and better assays that aim to improve treatment options for patients in need.
We are very proud to share these publications and hope that your area of interest is covered.
Hepatology
We introduce the concept of “Hot & Cold fibrosis”, which describes fibrotic phenotypes based on the presence (hot) or absence (cold) of immune cells.
“Hot and Cold fibrosis” describes how interactions between the extracellular matrix (ECM) and immune cells (normally essential for tissue repair) become disrupted during fibrosis. It also highlights how ECM biomarkers can be used to understand these changes, stratify patients by fibrotic and immune profiles, and guide the development of phenotype-specific therapies.
Gastroenterology
This study highlights the strong potential and relevance of our ECM biomarkers as indicators of intestinal fibrosis in IBD patients.
Our biomarkers PRO-C6, PRO-C3, and PRO-C5 distinguished patients with stricturing Crohn’s disease (CD) from those with luminal CD, underlining their potential utility in monitoring disease progression and evaluating response to anti-fibrotic therapies.
These findings support the use of serum ECM biomarkers as non-invasive tools for CD phenotyping and clinical decision making.
Oncology
BIGH3 is identified as a causal downstream mediator of TGF-β–driven tumor/organ fibrosis, linking it mechanistically to the fibrotic collagen biomarker PRO-C3 and showing that blocking BIGH3 reduces PRO-C3 production in fibroblasts.
By integrating genetics (GWAS), clinical biomarker cohorts, mechanistic in-vitro work, and single-cell transcriptomics, it provides a translationally rich framework for patient stratification (via PRO-C3) and potential anti-fibrotic therapy that could impact both organ fibrosis and desmoplastic tumor microenvironments.
Dermatology
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is associated with activation of the coagulation cascade and fibrinolysis, but the clinical value of related biomarkers for disease severity, endotype differentiation, and treatment response remains unclear.
This study evaluated X-FIB, a plasmin-degraded cross-linked fibrin fragment reflecting activation of the coagulation and fibrinolysis system, in patients with CSU to assess its ability to distinguish disease endotypes and predict response to omalizumab (OMZ). X-FIB levels were higher in type IIb versus type I patients and in poor versus good OMZ responders. These findings suggest that X-FIB may help differentiate CSU endotypes and provide an early signal of therapeutic response.
Kidney Diseases
We explore how fibrosis in one organ can trigger or worsen dysfunction in the other organ. We describe the key pathological signaling pathways of cardiorenal fibrosis, the extracellular matrix–derived biomarkers that can aid clinical management and drug development, and the therapeutic opportunities that can be beneficial in CRS by targeting fibroblast activities.
Lung diseases
A healthy lung epithelium is needed for breathing, and its integrity is closely linked to that of the basement membrane which mainly consists of type IV collagen. In this paper, we investigated the basement membrane repair response to epithelial damage in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in two independent cohorts using the serological biomarker of type IV collagen PRO-C4. This study demonstrates how the lung repair response changes with fibrosis severity and progression and shows that PRO-C4 is a prognostic biomarker for IPF progression and mortality.
Rheumatology
We investigate how axial spondyloarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and lupus share common molecular remodeling patterns, despite being distinct diseases. By analyzing blood-based biomarkers, three patient endotypes were identified—hypertrophic, fibrolytic, and fibrogenic—each associated with unique tissue remodeling and inflammation profiles. These findings highlight the potential for biomarker-driven personalized therapies and drug repurposing across rheumatological conditions.
